Direct CNO-X Analysis of Solid Forms
The pharmaceutical industry is a fast-paced environment, requiring frequent sample testing throughout development and manufacturing to ensure product purity and quality. In a setting where speed is crucial, employing analytical methods that require minimal sample preparation while offering rapid analyses is highly advantageous. This is readily achieved through analysis of solids via X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), which can provide the elemental composition of solids measured directly, with minimal to no sample preparation. The primary elements of interest for a particular pharmaceutical application are carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen (CNO), all of which can be quantified easily with XRF instrumentation. CNO composition is critical to the determination of stoichiometry in the solid form selection processes – salt selection and polymorph, hydrate, solvate evaluations. Elements beyond CNO can be measured by XRF systems due to the broadly applicable mechanism underlying XRF measurement technology. This makes the technology useful in many different pharmaceutical applications, such as analysis of catalyst residues in APIs and intermediates, evaluation of catalysts for poison element impurities, and as a tool to analyze for blend uniformity of key excipients and certain APIs in formulations.
This webcast summary covers the basics of XRF as applied to solid analysis as well as experimental results from representative pharmaceutical samples. Read More > |